Preparation of the paper

Following is the suggested structure of the paper –

Title (Maximum 10 words)

• Abstract (Maximum 300 words)
• Keywords (Maximum 8 words)
  The main body of the paper including introduction, literature survey, methodology, results and discussions  (maximum 4000 words)
• Acknowledgments;
• Declaration of interest statement;
• References (Maximum of 50 and this limit can be extended up to 100 in the case of review papers)
• Tables with table captions
• Figures and figure captions

Please refer to our quick style guidelines when preparing your paper, rather than any published articles or a sample copy.

Please use British (UK spelling) spelling style consistently throughout your manuscript.

Formatting and Templates

Papers may be submitted in Word. Figures should be saved separately from the text. To assist you in preparing your paper, we provide formatting template(s).

Word templates are available for this journal. Please save the template to your hard drive, ready for use.

If you are not able to use the template via the links (or if you have any other template queries) please contact us here.

References

Please use this reference guide when preparing your paper.

Checklist: What to Include

1. Author details. All authors of a manuscript should include their full name and affiliation on the cover page of the manuscript. Where available, please also include ORCiDs and social media handles (Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn). One author will need to be identified as the corresponding author, with their email address normally displayed in the article PDF (depending on the journal) and the online article. Authors’ affiliations are the affiliations where the research was conducted. If any of the named co-authors moves affiliation during the peer-review process, the new affiliation can be given as a footnote. Please note that no changes to affiliation can be made after your paper is accepted. Read more on authorship.
2. Should contain an unstructured abstract of 150-200 words.
3. Disclosure statement. This is to acknowledge any financial interest or benefit that has arisen from the direct applications of your research. Further guidance on what is a conflict of interest and how to disclose it.
4. Biographical note. Please supply a short biographical note for each author. This could be adapted from your departmental website or academic networking profile and should be relatively brief (e.g. no more than 200 words).
5. Figures should be high quality (1200 dpi for line art, 600 dpi for grayscale and 300 dpi for colour, at the correct size). Figures should be supplied in one of our preferred file formats: EPS, PS, JPEG, GIF, or Microsoft Word (DOC or DOCX). For information relating to other file types, please consult our Submission of electronic artwork document.
6. Tables should present new information rather than duplicating what is in the text. Readers should be able to interpret the table without reference to the text. Please supply editable files.
7. If you are submitting your manuscript as a Word document, please ensure that equations are editable. More information about mathematical symbols and equations.
8. Please use SI units (non-italicized).

Using Third-Party Material in your Paper

You must obtain the necessary permission to reuse third-party material in your article. The use of short extracts of text and some other types of material is usually permitted, on a limited basis, for the purposes of criticism and review without securing formal permission. If you wish to include any material in your paper for which you do not hold copyright, and which is not covered by this informal agreement, you will need to obtain written permission from the copyright owner prior to submission. More information on requesting permission to reproduce work(s) under copyright.